Coldwater is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 10,945. It is the county seat of Branch County, located in the center of the southern border of Michigan.
Coldwater is at 41°56′25″N 85°00′02″W. The ZIP code is 49036 and the FIPS place code is 17020. The elevation is 969 feet (295 m) above sea level. The City of Coldwater is entirely surrounded by the Township of Coldwater.
History
The Coldwater area was inhabited by Potawatomi Native Americans at the time of first contact with European trappers, traders and colonists. The French and, later, the British had traded with the Potawatomi. Control over the area passed from Great Britain to the United States in 1796, with the British withdrawal from Detroit.
American settlers did not move into the area until around 1830, with many arriving from New York and New England. Coldwater was incorporated as a village in 1837, and then incorporated by the legislature as a city in 1861. It was designated in 1842 as the county seat of Branch County.
Geography
The Coldwater River flows into the city from the south, originating from Coldwater Lake. The Coldwater chain of lakes also has an outlet called the Sauk River, which flows from its north end (near Quincy) and then through the south side of the city of Coldwater. Both combine to form a series of shallow, connected lakes on the city's west side.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.27 square miles (21.42Â km2), of which 8.03 square miles (20.80Â km2) is land and 0.24 square miles (0.62Â km2) is water.
Climate
National Weather Service records show that average January temperatures are a maximum of 28.9 °F and a minimum of 14.3 °F. Average July temperatures are a maximum of 81.4 °F and a minimum of 59.9 °F. There are an average of 8.5 days with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher and an average of 145.2 days with lows of 32 °F (0 °C) or lower. The record high temperature of 115 °F was on July 12, 2011, and the record low temperature was -23 °F on January 4, 1981.
Precipitation averages 35.66Â inches annually. There is measurable precipitation on an average of 142.1 days. The wettest year was 1905 with 46.12Â inches and the dryest year was 1930 with 18.01Â inches. The most precipitation in one month was 10.90 in May 1989. The most precipitation in 24 hours was 5.37Â inches on June 26, 1978.
Snowfall averages 54.5Â inches annually. There is measurable snowfall on an average of 34.6 days. The snowiest season was 1977-78 when 84.8Â inches fell, including 50.7Â inches in January 1978. A blizzard that month included 17.0Â inches of snow on January 26, 1978.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 10,945 people, 4,255 households, and 2,628 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,363.0 inhabitants per square mile (526.3/km2). There were 4,827 housing units at an average density of 601.1 per square mile (232.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.5% White, 0.6% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 3.2% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.6% of the population.
There were 4,255 households of which 34.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.9% were married couples living together, 15.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.2% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.14.
The median age in the city was 35.2 years. 27.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.3% were from 25 to 44; 23.4% were from 45 to 64; and 15% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 12,697 people, 4,058 households, and 2,520 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,562.5 per square mile (603.0/km²). There were 4,370 housing units at an average density of 537.8 per square mile (207.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 85.35% White, 8.42% African American, 0.75% Native American, 0.92% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.52% from other races, and 3.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.52% of the population.
There were 4,058 households out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.11.
In the city, the population was spread out with 22.4% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 35.4% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $33,913, and the median income for a family was $41,107. Males had a median income of $31,577 versus $22,088 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,833. About 6.0% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.6% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.
Arts and culture
Annual cultural events
Several seasonal annual festivals are held in Coldwater. The Ice Festival held in January features ice carvings, a chili-tasting competition, and other family activities. The Strawberry fest held in June features many different foods made from strawberries and arts and crafts. The Apple Fest held in September features home-baked goods made from apples and various arts and crafts.
Tourism
The Tibbits Opera House in Coldwater was built in 1882; it is the second-oldest theater in Michigan. It was converted to a movie theater in the 1930s. In the 1960s a campaign began to restore its original use as a theater for live performances with the eventual goal of restoring its French Empire architecture. It is now a venue for a variety of cultural activities.
The Wing House was built in 1875; it is now operated as a historical museum by the Branch County Historical Society. The Little River Railroad offers rides behind a 1911-built steam locomotive, departing from the city's historic depot.
Education
- Coldwater Community Schools, public school district for Coldwater
- Pansophia Academy, charter school, grades K-12
- St. Charles Borromeo Catholic School, grades K-5
- Legg Middle School, grades 6-8. Part of Coldwater Community Schools.
- Branch Area Career Center, vocational training to high school students
- Coldwater High School, grades 9-12. Part of Coldwater Community Schools.
Aside from the usual public and parochial schools, Coldwater has a branch of Kellogg Community College and Baker College.
Transportation
Air
Memorial Airport serves general aviation only.
Major highways
- I-69. Coldwater is accessible from exits 10 (BL I-69, Fenn Road), 13 (US 12/BL I-69), and 16 (Jonesville Road). The city has expanded since 1967 when I-69 was completed in the area to incorporate the urban sprawl at exit 13.
- BLÂ I-69 runs through downtown Coldwater.
- USÂ 12 continues west to Sturgis and east toward the Hillsdale area.
- M-86 runs west to Three Rivers.
Mass transit
Coldwater public bus transportation is provided by Branch Area Transit Authority (BATA).
Rail
Coldwater has an east-west railroad, but this is essentially a relic of one that led to Chicago and Detroit.
Media
The newspaper published in Coldwater is The Daily Reporter.
Coldwater has radio stations WTVB and WNWN-FM, whose studios are located south of town on Business Loop 69 that are part of the Kalamazoo radio area. There are no television stations broadcasting from within the county; Coldwater gets its television signals from the Kalamazoo-Grand Rapids-Battle Creek and Lansing-Jackson SMSAs in Michigan.
Notable people
Sister cities
- Soltau, Germany
See also
- Battery "L" 1st Regiment Michigan Light Artillery
References
External links
- City of Coldwater official website
- Coldwater Country Conference & Visitors Bureau
- Coldwater Downtown Development Authority
- Branch Area Career Center
- Coldwater Community Schools